Understanding how activity patterns in specific neural circuits coordinate an animal's
behavior remains a key area of neuroscience research. Genetic tools and a brain of …

Highlights•Octopaminergic neurons adapt feeding-relevant behaviors to the physiological
status.•Starvation-induced hyperactivity is mediated by octopamine.•Octopamine acts both …

The modulation of an animal's behavior through external sensory stimuli, previous
experience and its internal state is crucial to survive in a constantly changing environment …

Structural and functional plasticity induced by neuronal competition is a common feature of
develo** nervous systems. However, the rules governing how postsynaptic cells …

Optogenetic manipulation of cells or living organisms became widely used in neuroscience
following the introduction of the light-gated ion channel channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2). ChR2 …

Throughout the nervous system, the convergence of two or more presynaptic inputs on a
target cell is commonly observed. The question we ask here is to what extent converging …

Copper is a transition metal that exists in different chemical forms (eg, Cu 2+, Cu+, and Cu 0)
and at high concentrations it is toxic. Here, we investigated the Cu 2+-induced toxicity in …

Dopaminergic neurons in the brain of the Drosophila larva play a key role in mediating
reward information to the mushroom bodies during appetitive olfactory learning and …

To integrate changing environmental cues with high spatial and temporal resolution is
critical for animals to orient themselves. Drosophila larvae show an effective motor program …

The Drosophila larva is an attractive model system to study fundamental questions in the
field of neuroscience. Like the adult fly, the larva offers a seemingly unlimited genetic …