Rapid Arctic environmental change affects the entire Earth system as thawing permafrost
ecosystems release greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Understanding how much …

Vegetation greenness has been increasing globally since at least 1981, when satellite
technology enabled large-scale vegetation monitoring. The greening phenomenon, together …

As the Arctic continues to warm faster than the rest of the planet, evidence mounts that the
region is experiencing unprecedented environmental change. The hydrological cycle is …

The decline in the floating sea ice cover in the Arctic is one of the most striking
manifestations of climate change. In this review, we examine this ongoing loss of Arctic sea …

Satellite data show increasing leaf area of vegetation due to direct factors (human land-use
management) and indirect factors (such as climate change, CO2 fertilization, nitrogen …

The global distribution of the optimum air temperature for ecosystem-level gross primary
productivity (T opt eco) is poorly understood, despite its importance for ecosystem carbon …

Global environmental change is rapidly altering the dynamics of terrestrial vegetation, with
consequences for the functioning of the Earth system and provision of ecosystem services 1 …

The NDVI3g time series is an improved 8-km normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)
data set produced from Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) instruments …

The reliable detection and attribution of changes in vegetation growth is a prerequisite for
the development of strategies for the sustainable management of ecosystems. This is an …

The timing of phenological events exerts a strong control over ecosystem function and leads
to multiple feedbacks to the climate system. Phenology is inherently sensitive to temperature …