Mitochondria are a main source of cellular energy. Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is
the major process of aerobic respiration. Enzyme complexes of the electron transport chain …

The brain has almost no energy reserve, but its activity coordinates organismal function, a
burden that requires precise coupling between neurotransmission and energy metabolism …

Abstract Iron-sulfur (Fe–S) clusters are essential cofactors most commonly known for their
role mediating electron transfer within the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The Fe–S cluster …

Astrocytes take up glucose from the bloodstream to provide energy to the brain, thereby
allowing neuronal activity and behavioural responses,,,–. By contrast, astrocytes are under …

Lack of immune system cells or impairment in differentiation of immune cells is the basis for
many chronic diseases. Metabolic changes could be the root cause for this immune cell …

Complex I (NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase) is the first enzyme of the mitochondrial
respiratory chain and is composed of 45 subunits in humans, making it one of the largest …

Perturbed cellular protein homeostasis (proteostasis) and mitochondrial dysfunction play an
important role in neurodegenerative diseases, however, the interplay between these two …

The assembly of the five oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) complexes in the
inner mitochondrial membrane is an intricate process. The human enzymes comprise core …

Mitochondrial complex I is the largest integral membrane enzyme of the respiratory chain
and consists of 44 different subunits encoded in the mitochondrial and nuclear genome. Its …

Endothelial cells have emerged as key players in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19
inflammatory pathologies. Dysfunctional endothelial cells can promote chronic inflammation …