Extracellular vesicles (EVs), involved in essential physiological and pathological processes
of the organism, have emerged as powerful tools for disease treatment owing to their unique …

Safe and effective strategies are urgently needed to fight against the life‐threatening
diseases of various cancers. However, traditional therapeutic modalities, such as …

Immunotherapy represents a revolutionary paradigm in cancer management, showcasing its
potential to impede tumor metastasis and recurrence. Nonetheless, challenges including …

In cancer treatment, traditional radiotherapy (RT) is routinely conducted in local tumors and
limited by radioresistance, while recently emerged immunotherapy is confronted with low …

Noninvasive treatments for terminal cancer patients constitute a new trend in tumor
treatment. Therefore, phototherapy, including photodynamic therapy (PDT) and …

Metal, as an active participant in life activities, has always been at the forefront of research.
Recent studies have revealed the crucial role of metal ions in activating the anti-tumor …

Activation of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING)
pathway is an effective way to initiate an immune response against tumors, and the research …

Malignant tumours are a serious threat to human health. Traditional chemotherapy has
achieved breakthrough improvements but also has significant detrimental effects, such as …

The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) greatly limits the actual outcome of
immunotherapy. Therefore, it is urgent to develop appropriate strategies to reshape the TME …

Despite the fact that numerous immunotherapy-based drugs have been approved by the
FDA for the treatment of primary and metastatic tumors, only a small proportion of the …