Gases like H2, N2, CO2, and CO are increasingly recognized as critical feedstock in “green”
energy conversion and as sources of nitrogen and carbon for the agricultural and chemical …

Nitrogenase is the enzyme that catalyzes biological N2 reduction to NH3. This enzyme
achieves an impressive rate enhancement over the uncatalyzed reaction. Given the high …

Abstract Electrochemical CO 2 reduction (CO 2 R) is an attractive option for storing
renewable electricity and for the sustainable production of valuable chemicals and fuels. In …

The reduction of dinitrogen to ammonia by nitrogenase reflects a complex choreography
involving two component proteins, MgATP and reductant. At center stage of this process …

Nitrogenases uniquely reduce atmospheric N2 to bioavailable ammonium. They group into
three isoforms that primarily differ in the architecture of their active-site cofactors. A …

The development of efficient and sustainable electrochemical systems able to provide clean-
energy fuels and chemicals is one of the main current challenges of materials science and …

Nitrogen is an essential element contained in many biomolecules necessary to sustain life.
1, 2 This element is abundantly available in Earth's atmosphere in the form of dinitrogen …

Two major energy-related problems confront the world in the next 50 years. First, increased
worldwide competition for gradually depleting fossil fuel reserves (derived from past …

Reduction of N2 by nitrogenases occurs at an organometallic iron cofactor that commonly
also contains either molybdenum or vanadium. The well-characterized resting state of the …

Nitrogenase is the only enzyme capable of reducing N2 to NH3. This challenging reaction
requires the coordinated transfer of multiple electrons from the reductase, Fe-protein, to the …