Abstract The Scanning Habitable Environments with Raman and Luminescence for
Organics and Chemicals (SHERLOC) is a robotic arm-mounted instrument on NASA's …

Habitability is a widely used word in the geoscience, planetary science, and astrobiology
literature, but what does it mean? In this review on habitability, we define it as the ability of …

Geological evidence shows that ancient Mars had large volumes of liquid water. Models of
past hydrogen escape to space, calibrated with observations of the current escape rate …

The second ExoMars mission will be launched in 2020 to target an ancient location
interpreted to have strong potential for past habitability and for preserving physical and …

The past fifteen years of orbital infrared spectroscopy and in situ exploration have led to a
new understanding of the composition and history of Mars. Globally, Mars has a basaltic …

In-situ resource utilization on the Moon and/or Mars is a cutting-edge hotspot for exploring
outer space. Lunar/Martian regolith is an in-situ natural resource for construction habitats …

The nature of the early martian climate is one of the major unanswered questions of
planetary science. Key challenges remain, but a new wave of orbital and in situ observations …

Landforms and deposits observed on the Martian surface suggest that Mars' early climate
supported rivers and lakes over a time span of more than a billion years. But, like Earth …

Reconciling the geology of Mars with models of atmospheric evolution remains a major
challenge. Martian geology is characterized by past evidence for episodic surface liquid …

The investigation of hyperspectral data from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Compact
Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) and the Observatoire pour la …