Phenotypic traits are products of two processes: evolution and development. But how do
these processes combine to produce integrated phenotypes? Comparative studies identify …

Reconstructing the evolution of brain information-processing capacity is paramount for
understanding the rise of complex cognition. Comparative studies of brain evolution typically …

Reptiles and birds are a fascinating group of animals that is most critical to understanding
the evolution of vertebrate brains. Birds are the only class of vertebrates that can rival …

In early 2016, we had the opportunity to test a pair of sprawling posture robots, one
designed to mimic a crocodile and another designed to mimic a monitor lizard, along the …

Cranial endocasts, or the internal molds of the braincase, are a crucial correlate for
investigating the neuroanatomy of extinct vertebrates and tracking brain evolution through …

Endocasts are windows into deep history and as such provide modern neuroscience a more
complete appreciation of:(1) the brain's evolutionary potential (by allowing sampling of …

An overview of the neuroanatomy and the principal anatomical transformations of the cranial
endocast of the main lineages of Crocodylomorpha are presented. One of the main …

This chapter aims to provide an overview of the state of knowledge on non-avian dinosaur
paleoneurology, throughout the history and synthesis of recent advances in the field. Today …

Abstract Knowledge on crocodyliform paleoneurology has significantly improved with
development of computed tomography. However, studies so far have been able to …

The tail of all vertebrates, regardless of size and anatomical detail, derive from a post-anal
extension of the embryo known as the tail bud. Formation, growth and differentiation of this …