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Mechanisms in endocrinology: vitamin D and COVID-19
The SARS-CoV-2 virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic has generated an explosion
of interest both in the mechanisms of infection leading to dissemination and expression of …
of interest both in the mechanisms of infection leading to dissemination and expression of …
Vitamin D: nutrient, hormone, and immunomodulator
The classical functions of vitamin D are to regulate calcium-phosphorus homeostasis and
control bone metabolism. However, vitamin D deficiency has been reported in several …
control bone metabolism. However, vitamin D deficiency has been reported in several …
Vitamin D and immune regulation: antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory
Regulation of immune function continues to be one of the most well recognized extraskeletal
actions of vitamin D. This stemmed initially from the discovery that antigen presenting cells …
actions of vitamin D. This stemmed initially from the discovery that antigen presenting cells …
Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ): Exploring its implications in infectious diseases
A key player in driving cellular immunity, IFN-γ is capable of orchestrating numerous
protective functions to heighten immune responses in infections and cancers. It can exhibit …
protective functions to heighten immune responses in infections and cancers. It can exhibit …
The interplay between vitamin D and viral infections
The pleiotropic role of vitamin D has been explored over the past decades and there is
compelling evidence for an epidemiological association between poor vitamin D status and …
compelling evidence for an epidemiological association between poor vitamin D status and …
Impact of childhood malnutrition on host defense and infection
The global impact of childhood malnutrition is staggering. The synergism between
malnutrition and infection contributes substantially to childhood morbidity and mortality …
malnutrition and infection contributes substantially to childhood morbidity and mortality …
PAMP s and DAMP s: signal 0s that spur autophagy and immunity
Pathogen‐associated molecular pattern molecules (PAMP s) are derived from
microorganisms and recognized by pattern recognition receptor (PRR)‐bearing cells of the …
microorganisms and recognized by pattern recognition receptor (PRR)‐bearing cells of the …
Virulence factors of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) consists of closely related species that
cause tuberculosis in both humans and animals. This illness, still today, remains to be one of …
cause tuberculosis in both humans and animals. This illness, still today, remains to be one of …
Multiple nutritional factors and the risk of Hashimoto's thyroiditis
Background: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is considered to be the most common autoimmune
disease. It is currently accepted that genetic susceptibility, environmental factors, and …
disease. It is currently accepted that genetic susceptibility, environmental factors, and …
Cellular metabolism and macrophage functional polarization
Macrophages are a functionally heterogeneous cell population that is mainly shaped by a
variety of microenvironmental stimuli. Interferon γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and …
variety of microenvironmental stimuli. Interferon γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and …