In humans and other gregarious animals, collective decision-making is a robust behavioural
feature of groups. Pooling individual information is also fundamental for modern societies, in …

Metacognition concerns the processes by which we monitor and control our own cognitive
processes. It can also be applied to others, in which case it is known as mentalizing. Both …

In fields as diverse as technology entrepreneurship and the arts, crowds of interested
stakeholders are increasingly responsible for deciding which innovations to fund, a privilege …

Human confidence judgments are thought to originate from metacognitive processes that
provide a subjective assessment about one's beliefs. Alternatively, confidence is framed in …

We review the literature to identify common problems of decision-making in individuals and
groups. We are guided by a Bayesian framework to explain the interplay between past …

Many complex systems maintain a self-referential check and balance. In animals, such
reflective monitoring and control processes have been grouped under the rubric of …

Confidence judgements, self-assessments about the quality of a subject's knowledge, are
considered a central example of metacognition. Prima facie, introspection and self-report …

Research investigating collective decision-making has focused primarily on the
improvement of accuracy in collective decisions and less on the motives that drive …

Humans can reflect on decisions and report variable levels of confidence. But why maintain
an explicit representation of confidence for choices that have already been made and …

Humans can meaningfully report their confidence in a perceptual or cognitive decision. It is
widely believed that these reports reflect the Bayesian probability that the decision is correct …