Some recent clinical and preclinical evidence suggests that neuroinflammation is a key
factor that interacts with the three neurobiological correlates of major depressive disorder …

The pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) is thought to result from impaired
connectivity between key brain networks. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the key …

Major depressive disorder (MDD), also referred to as depression, is one of the most common
psychiatric disorders with a high economic burden. The etiology of depression is still not …

The mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology and treatment of depression and stress-
related disorders remain unclear, but studies in depressed patients and rodent models are …

Electrical stimulation is a fundamental tool in studying neural circuits, treating neurological
diseases, and advancing regenerative medicine. Injectable, free-standing piezoelectric …

This manuscript reviews the clinical evidence regarding single-dose intravenous (IV)
administration of the novel glutamatergic modulator racemic (R, S)-ketamine (hereafter …

Background Over the past 2 decades, the use of intravenous ketamine infusions as a
treatment for chronic pain has increased dramatically, with wide variation in patient …

Major depression is one of the leading causes of disability, morbidity, and mortality
worldwide. The brain–gut axis functions are disturbed, revealed by a dysfunction of the …

Depression is the third leading cause of disability in the world. Depressive symptoms may
be reduced within several weeks after the start of conventional antidepressants, but …

The efficacy of standard antidepressants is limited for many patients with mood disorders
such as major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar depression, underscoring the urgent …