BACKGROUND The extent of urban areas is increasing around the world, and most humans
now live in cities. Urbanization results in dramatic environmental change, including …

Brilliant, diverse colour ornaments of birds were one of the crucial cues that led Darwin to
the idea of sexual selection. Although avian colouration plays many functions, including …

From evolutionary biologist Menno Schilthuizen, a book that will make you see yourself and
the world around you in an entirely new way* Carrion crows in the Japanese city of Sendai …

Birds and other vertebrates display stunning variation in pigmentation patterning, yet the
genes controlling this diversity remain largely unknown. Rock pigeons (Columba livia) are …

The massive use of neonicotinoid insecticides has been repeatedly incriminated for their
impacts to avian populations. Some studies have reported contamination of granivorous …

Urban landscapes are associated with abiotic and biotic environmental changes that may
result in potential stressors for wild vertebrates. Urban exploiters have physiological …

It is regularly reported that avian reproductive outputs are reduced in urban areas, yet the
underlying reasons for discrepancies between urban and natural habitats are to date poorly …

Increased interest in backyard food production has drawn attention to the risks associated
with urban trace element contamination, in particular lead (Pb) that was used in abundance …

Urbanization is increasing at a rapid pace globally. Understanding the links among
environmental characteristics, phenotypes, and fitness enables researchers to predict the …

The extreme environmental conditions that prevail in cities are known to cause selection
pressures leading to adaptive changes in wild, city-dwelling, organisms (urban evolution) …