We trace the evolution of research on extreme solar and solar-terrestrial events from the
1859 Carrington event to the rapid development of the last twenty years. Our focus is on the …

Interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) are large-scale heliospheric transients that
originate from the Sun. When an ICME is sufficiently faster than the preceding solar wind, a …

The Solar MAgnetic Connection HAUS tool (Solar-MACH) is an open-source tool completely
written in Python that derives and visualizes the spatial configuration and solar magnetic …

Solar energetic particles, or SEPs, from suprathermal (few keV) up to relativistic (∼∼ few
GeV) energies are accelerated near the Sun in at least two ways:(1) by magnetic …

After decades of observations of solar energetic particles from space-based observatories,
relevant questions on particle injection, transport, and acceleration remain open. To address …

Abstract On 2022 February 15–16, multiple spacecraft measured one of the most intense
solar energetic particle (SEP) events observed so far in Solar Cycle 25. This study provides …

Context. A complex and long-lasting solar eruption on 17 April 2021 produced a widespread
solar energetic particle (SEP) event that was observed by five longitudinally well-separated …

Using observations from the High Energy Telescopes (HETs) on the STEREO A and B
spacecraft and similar observations from near-Earth spacecraft, we summarize the …

This review article summarizes the advancement in the studies of Earth-affecting solar
transients in the last decade that encompasses most of solar cycle 24. It is a part of the effort …

We present a review of the different aspects associated with the interaction of successive
coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in the corona and inner heliosphere, focusing on the …