The Earth climate system is out of energy balance, and heat has accumulated continuously
over the past decades, warming the ocean, the land, the cryosphere, and the atmosphere …

Year-round observations of the physical snow and ice properties and processes that govern
the ice pack evolution and its interaction with the atmosphere and the ocean were …

Large differences continue to exist between current precipitation products over the Southern
Ocean (SO). This limits our ability to close the hydrological cycle over the SO and Antarctica …

Sea waves constitute a natural phenomenon with a great impact on human activities, and
their monitoring is essential for meteorology, coastal safety, navigation, and renewable …

Systematic long-term studies on ecosystem dynamics are largely lacking from the East
Antarctic Southern Ocean, although it is well recognized that they are indispensable to …

Central Arctic properties and processes are important to the regional and global coupled
climate system. The Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate …

Data from the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC)
expedition allowed us to investigate the temporal dynamics of snowfall, snow accumulation …

Satellite observations of sea ice freeboard are integral to the estimation of sea ice thickness.
It is commonly assumed that radar pulses from satellite‐mounted Ku‐band altimeters …

We use meteorological measurements from three drifting buoys to evaluate the performance
of the ERA‐Interim and ERA5 atmospheric reanalyses from the European Center for …

In the summer of 2020, ESA changed the orbit of CryoSat‐2 to align periodically with NASA's
ICESat‐2 mission, a campaign known as CRYO2ICE, which allows for near‐coincident …