Brain cancer remains the deadliest cancer. The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is impenetrable to
most drugs and is a complex 3D network of multiple cell types including endothelial cells …

The field of tissue engineering has numerous potential for modified therapeutic results and
has been inspired by enhancements in bioengineering at the recent decades. The …

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) include more than 600 types of nervous system
disorders in humans that impact tens of millions of people worldwide. Estimates by the World …

The interaction of immune cells with drugs and/or with other cell types should be
mechanistically investigated in order to reduce attrition of new drug development. However …

Mice are a widely utilized in vivo model for translational salivary gland research but must be
used with caution. Specifically, mouse salivary glands are similar in many ways to human …

Organ-on-chips (OOCs) are microfluidic devices used for creating physiological organ
biomimetic systems. OOC technology brings numerous advantages in the current landscape …

Organs-on-chip are gaining increasing attention as promising platforms for drug screening
and testing applications. However, lymph nodes-on-chip options remain limited although the …

The current drug development practice lacks reliable and sensitive techniques to evaluate
the immunotoxicity of drug candidates, ie, their effect on the human immune system. This, in …

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and the most aggressive type of primary
brain malignancy. Glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs) can migrate in vascular niches within …

To improve pathogenetic studies in cancer development and reliable preclinical testing of
anti-cancer treatments, three-dimensional (3D) cultures, including spheroids, have been …