Sulfur mustard is an alkylating agent that reacts with ocular, respiratory, cutaneous, and
bone marrow tissues, resulting in early and late toxic effects. We compare these effects …

Background: Military personnel are frequently exposed to environmental pollutants that can
cause a variety of diseases. Methods: This review analyzed publications regarding …

Oxidative stress plays a key role in the development of chronic pulmonary complications of
sulfur mustard (SM). Curcuminoids are polyphenols with documented safety and antioxidant …

Pulmonary problems are among the most frequent chronic complications of sulfur mustard
(SM) intoxication and are often accompanied by deregulated production of pro-inflammatory …

Recent news from Syria on a possible use of chemical warfare agents made the headlines.
Furthermore, the motivation of terrorists to cause maximal harm shifts these agents into the …

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that emerged as a health problem …

Ever since it was first used in armed conflict, mustard gas (sulfur mustard, MG) has been
known to cause a wide range of acute and chronic injuries to exposure victims. The earliest …

The first edition of this book, Chemical Warfare Agents: Toxicity at Low Levels, was
published just prior to the terrorist attacks of September 11th, 2001. Reflecting a greater …

Whilst the acute effects of sulfur mustard have been relatively well characterised, the chronic
effects of short term but significant exposures are still evolving. The approximately 30,000 …

Nitrogen mustard (NM), a kind of alkylating agent similar to sulfur mustard, remains a threat
to public health. However, there is nearly no satisfactory antidote for nitrogen mustard …