Many issues and complications in treating snakebite are a result of poor human social,
economic and clinical intervention and management. As such, there is scope for significant …

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is identified as a novel therapeutic strategy
that offers short-term support to the metabolism of the heart and lungs in humans. Recently …

Background The explosive radiation and diversification of the advanced snakes (superfamily
Colubroidea) was associated with changes in all aspects of the shared venom system …

Lancehead pit-vipers (Bothrops genus) are an extremely diverse and medically important
group responsible for the greatest number of snakebite envenomations and deaths in South …

Predatory innovations impose reciprocal selection pressures upon prey. The evolution of
snake venom alpha-neurotoxins has triggered the corresponding evolution of resistance in …

Australian elapid snake venoms are uniquely procoagulant, utilizing blood clotting enzyme
Factor Xa (FXa) as a toxin, which evolved as a basal trait in this clade. The subsequent …

Background: Consumption coagulopathy and hemorrhagic syndrome are the typical
features of Bothrops sp. snake envenoming. In contrast, B. lanceolatus envenoming can …

The evolution of venom resistance through coevolutionary chemical arms races has arisen
multiple times throughout animalia. Prior documentation of resistance to snake venom α …

Palearctic vipers are medically significant snakes in the genera Daboia, Macrovipera,
Montivipera, and Vipera which occur throughout Europe, Central Asia, Near and Middle …

Rattlesnakes are a diverse clade of pit vipers (snake family Viperidae, subfamily Crotalinae)
that consists of numerous medically significant species. We used validated in vitro assays …