T cells are crucial for immune functions to maintain health and prevent disease. T cell
development occurs in a stepwise process in the thymus and mainly generates CD4+ and …

Adaptive immune responses mediated by T cells and B cells are crucial for protective
immunity against pathogens and tumors. Differentiation and function of immune cells require …

Naive T cells are actively maintained in a quiescent state that promotes their survival and
persistence. On antigen stimulation, T cells exit quiescence to initiate clonal expansion and …

With the broad application of cancer immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors
in multiple cancer types, the immunological landscape in the tumor microenvironment (TME) …

The inflammatory response involves the activation of several cell types to fight insults
caused by a plethora of agents, and to maintain the tissue homoeostasis. On the one hand …

Characterized by the expression of the critical transcription factor forkhead box protein P3,
regulatory T (Treg) cells are an essential part of the immune system, with a dual effect on the …

Metabolism drives function, on both an organismal and a cellular level. In T cell biology,
metabolic remodeling is intrinsically linked to cellular development, activation, function …

CD4+ T helper cells are key regulators of host health and disease. In the original model,
specialized subsets of T helper cells are generated following activation through lineage …

The mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a downstream mediator in the
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathways, which plays a pivotal role in …

Immune cell function and metabolism are closely linked. Many studies have now clearly
demonstrated that alterations in cellular metabolism influence immune cell function and that …