The mammary gland is a compound, branched tubuloalveolar structure and a major
characteristic of mammals. The mammary gland has evolved from epidermal apocrine …

Growth hormone (GH) research and its clinical application for the treatment of growth
disorders span more than a century. During the first half of the 20th century, clinical …

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was purified from media conditioned by bovine
pituitary folliculostellate cells (FC). VEGF is a heparin-binding growth factor specific for …

Prolactin (PRL) and Its Receptor: Actions, Signal Transduction Pathways and Phenotypes
Observed in PRL Receptor Knockout Mice | Endocrine Reviews | Oxford Academic Skip to Main …

A strategy, called alanine-scanning mutagenesis, was used to identify specific side chains in
human growth hormone (hGH) that strongly modulate binding to the hGH receptor cloned …

Neuropeptides are signaling molecules that commonly act via G protein-coupled receptors
(GPCRs) and are generated in neurons by proneuropeptide (pNP) cleavage. Present in both …

The small (40S) subunit of eukaryotic ribosomes is believed to bind initially at the capped 5'-
end of messenger RNA and then migrate, stop** at the first AUG codon in a favorable …

The free hormone hypothesis states that the biological activity of a given hormone is affected
by its unbound (free) rather than protein-bound concentration in the plasma. The …

To examine endogenous anabolic hormone and growth factor responses to various heavy
resistance exercise protocols (HREPs), nine male subjects performed each of six randomly …

Since the original somatomedin hypothesis was conceived, a number of important
discoveries have allowed investigators to modify the concept. Originally somatic growth was …