Vehicle routing problems have been the focus of extensive research over the past sixty
years, driven by their economic importance and their theoretical interest. The diversity of …

Challenged by urbanization and increasing travel needs, existing transportation systems
need new mobility paradigms. In this article, we present the emerging concept of …

Optimization of the green logistics location-routing problem with eco-packages involves
solving a two-echelon location-routing problem and the pickup and delivery problem with …

With the rising share of electric vehicles used in the service industry, the optimization of their
specific constraints is gaining importance. Lowering energy consumption, time of charging …

The location‐routing problem (LRP) and its variants have been studied extensively over the
past few years. The number of articles has grown more than ever, since the last surveys …

This study proposes an intelligent green scheduling system for cold chain logistics (IGSS-
CCL) to support the integration and coordination of resources. Post-COVID-19, the …

Two-echelon distribution systems are attractive from an economical standpoint and help to
keep large vehicles out of densely populated city centers. Large trucks can be used to …

In this paper, a new variant of the electric vehicle routing problem is presented. Since
recharging time is commonly considered as idle time, the aim is to take advantage of it by …

This paper considers a cooperative system between electric vehicles and drones in last-mile
logistics operations. This form of cooperation is presented as electric vehicle–drone routing …

Nowadays, electric vehicles are considered a viable option for goods distribution, especially
in urban areas that are heavily burdened by local emissions. The call for environmentally …