We trace the evolution of research on extreme solar and solar-terrestrial events from the
1859 Carrington event to the rapid development of the last twenty years. Our focus is on the …

We present an overview of solar flares and associated phenomena, drawing upon a wide
range of observational data primarily from the RHESSI era. Following an introductory …

A new data product from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) onboard the Solar
Dynamics Observatory (SDO) called Space-weather HMI Active Region Patches (SHARP s) …

We report the evolution of the magnetic field and its energy in NOAA active region 11158
over five days based on a vector magnetogram series from the Helioseismic and Magnetic …

Strong solar flares and coronal mass ejections, here defined not only as the bursts of
electromagnetic radiation but as the entire process in which magnetic energy is released …

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) were discovered in the early 1970s when space-borne
coronagraphs revealed that eruptions of plasma are ejected from the Sun. Today, it is known …

Abstract We have used Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG) magnetograms to
characterize the changes in the photospheric longitudinal magnetic field during 15 X-class …

This two-part book is devoted to classic fundamentals and current practices and
perspectives of modern plasma astrophysics. This second part discusses the physics of …

This publication provides an overview of magnetic fields in the solar atmosphere with the
focus lying on the corona. The solar magnetic field couples the solar interior with the visible …

In this paper, a machine-learning-based system that could provide automated short-term
solar flare prediction is presented. This system accepts two sets of inputs: McIntosh …