Biodiesel is one of the best promising candidates in response to the energy crisis, since it
has the capability to minimize most of the environmental problems. Microalgae, as the …

Commercialization of microalgal biofuels is not yet attained even after plentiful of research
and extensive scientific projects. Expending the cost and energy for producing single …

Microalgae has been identified as a potential feedstock for biodiesel production since its
cultivation requires less cropland compared to conventional oil crops and the high growth …

The natural and anthropogenic sources of water bodies are contaminated with diverse
categories of pollutants such as antibiotics, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, heavy metals …

The energy demands and costs of harvesting microalgal biomass make it unrealistic and
unsustainable for economically feasible microalgal biofuel production. Therefore, meticulous …

Transportation and ship** activities are major contributor to air pollution at sea where
most of it occurs as a result of exhaust emissions from ships. Stringent emission limitations …

The application of pesticides reduces the loss of crops while simultaneously increasing crop
productivity. However, the frequent use of pesticides can cause serious environmental …

As the third generation biofuel feedstock to confront with energy crisis, microalgae have
great potential for the exploration of renewable energy fields, whereas the high cost related …

The pollutants can enter water bodies at various point and non-point sources, and
wastewater discharge remains a major pathway. Wastewater treatment effectively reduces …

Crude oils have been primary sources of energy and fuels, such as petrodiesel. However,
significant public concerns about the sustainability, price fluctuations, and adverse …