Context: Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries lead to pain and loss of performance in the
thrower's elbow. Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction (UCLR) is a reliable treatment …

Repetitive valgus forces on the throwing elbow place significant stress on that joint. This
stress can cause structural damage and injury to the ulnar collateral ligament. Many acute …

Background: The anterior bundle of the medial ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) and the
forearm flexors provide primary static and dynamic stability to valgus stress of the elbow in …

Abstract Purpose of Review The purpose of this review article is to discuss the evolution of
surgical reconstruction of the anterior bundle of the UCL, otherwise known as Tommy John …

As with other musculoskeletal joints, elbow ultrasonography (US) depends on the
examination technique. Deep knowledge of the relevant anatomy, such as the bone surface …

Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries of the elbow are common in overhead throwing
athletes. With throwing, the elbow experiences substantial valgus stress and repetitive …

Background: A more detailed assessment of the anatomy of the entire medial ulnar collateral
ligament complex (MUCLC) is desired as the rate of medial elbow reconstruction surgery …

The elbow undergoes significant stress during the throwing motion of an overhead athlete.
The forces generated in the various phases of the throwing arc are distributed through the …

The medial ulnar collateral ligament complex of the elbow, which is comprised of the
anterior bundle [AB, more formally referred to as the medial ulnar collateral ligament …

Objectives Musculoskeletal sonography has emerged as an additional diagnostic tool that
can be used to assess medial elbow pain and laxity in overhead throwers. It provides a …