In humans, the gut microbiota (GM) are known to play a significant role in the metabolism of
nutrients and drugs, immunomodulation, and pathogen defense by inhabiting the …

The gut–brain axis (GBA) is a complex bidirectional communication network connecting the
gut and brain. It involves neural, immune, and endocrine communication pathways between …

Metabolic syndrome comprises a group of conditions that collectively increase the risk of
abdominal obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Gut …

The study of microbial communities has undergone significant advancements, starting from
the initial use of 16S rRNA sequencing to the adoption of shotgun metagenomics. However …

Neuroinflammation refers to a highly complicated reaction of the central nervous system
(CNS) to certain stimuli such as trauma, infection, and neurodegenerative diseases. This is a …

Probiotics and postbiotics have emerged as an alternative to traditional antibiotics for the
treatment of persistent skin infections. The use of probiotics and postbiotics has been shown …

Recent clinical and pathological evidence has implicated the gut microbiota as an interplay
for regulating human body homeostasis, influencing conditions ranging from cancer and …

The term 'perinatal environment'refers to the period surrounding birth, which plays a crucial
role in brain development. It has been suggested that dynamic communication between the …

Helicobacter pylori is a pathogenic bacterium that causes gastritis and gastric carcinoma.
Besides gastric complications its potential link with gut-brain axis disruption and …

With advancement in human microbiome research, an increasing number of scientific
evidences have endorsed the key role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer …