In air-breathing vertebrates at high altitude, fine-tuned adjustments in hemoglobin (Hb)–O2
affinity provide an energetically efficient means of mitigating the effects of arterial …

The legacy of climatic changes during the Pleistocene glaciations allows inferences to be
made about the patterns and processes associated with range expansion/colonization …

The maintenance of oxygen homeostasis in the gut is critical for the maintenance of a
healthy gut microbiota. However, few studies have explored how the concentration of …

Species-specific chemosignals, pheromones, regulate social behaviors such as aggression,
mating, pup-suckling, territory establishment, and dominance. The identity of these cues …

Major challenges for illuminating the genetic basis of phenotypic evolution are to identify
causative mutations, to quantify their functional effects, to trace their origins as new or …

Hematological parameters, including red and white blood cell counts and hemoglobin
concentration, are widely used clinical indicators of health and disease. These traits are …

Ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes is supported by hundreds of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
gene copies that are encoded in the ribosomal DNA (rDNA). The multiple copies of rRNA …

Phylogeographic studies showed that house mice (Mus musculus) originated in the
Himalayan region, while common rats (Rattus rattus and Rattus norvegicus) come from the …

Exposure to elevated concentrations of CO 2 or hypoxia has been widely used in psychiatric
research as a panic provoking stimulus. However, the use of these respiratory challenges to …

In air-breathing vertebrates, the physiologically optimal blood-O2 affinity is jointly
determined by the prevailing partial pressure of atmospheric O2, the efficacy of pulmonary …