Evidence for innate immune memory (or 'priming') in invertebrates has been accumulating
over the last years. We here provide an in-depth review of the current state of evidence for …

The ability of develo** immunological memory, a characteristic feature of adaptive
immunity, is clearly present also in innate immune responses. In fact, it is well known that …

Aquatic invertebrates play a pivotal role in (eco) toxicological assessments because they
offer ethical, cost‐effective and repeatable testing options. Additionally, their significance in …

The Echinodermata are an ancient phylum of benthic marine invertebrates with a dispersal-
stage planktonic larva. These animals have innate immune systems characterized initially by …

Detecting danger is key to the survival and success of all species. Animal nervous and
immune systems cooperate to optimize danger detection. Preceding studies have …

Haematopoiesis is an essential process that evolved in multicellular animals. At the heart of
this process are haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which are multipotent and self-renewing …

Tunicates are the closest relatives of vertebrates, and their peculiar phylogenetic position
explains the increasing interest toward tunicate immunobiology. They are filter-feeding …

Tunicata, a diverse clade of approximately 3000 described species of marine, filter-feeding
chordates, is of great interest to researchers because tunicates are the closest living …

While largely neglected over decades during which adaptive immunity captured most of the
attention, innate immune mechanisms have now become central to our understanding of …

The innate immune system provides an adequate response to stress factors and pathogens
through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), located on the surface of cell membranes and …