Flexible mechanisms: the diverse roles of biological springs in vertebrate movement

TJ Roberts, E Azizi - Journal of experimental biology, 2011 - journals.biologists.com
The muscles that power vertebrate locomotion are associated with springy tissues, both
within muscle and in connective tissue elements such as tendons. These springs share in …

What is an artificial muscle? A comparison of soft actuators to biological muscles

DR Higueras-Ruiz, K Nishikawa… - Bioinspiration & …, 2021 - iopscience.iop.org
Interest in emulating the properties of biological muscles that allow for fast adaptability and
control in unstructured environments has motivated researchers to develop new soft …

Blind bipedal stair traversal via sim-to-real reinforcement learning

J Siekmann, K Green, J Warila, A Fern… - arxiv preprint arxiv …, 2021 - arxiv.org
Accurate and precise terrain estimation is a difficult problem for robot locomotion in real-
world environments. Thus, it is useful to have systems that do not depend on accurate …

The fundamental property of human leg during walking: linearity and nonlinearity

K Wang, A Boonpratatong, W Chen… - IEEE transactions on …, 2023 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Leg properties have been involved in the broad study of human walking from mechanical
energy to motion prediction of robotics. However, the variable leg elasticities and their …

Towards dynamic trot gait locomotion: Design, control, and experiments with Cheetah-cub, a compliant quadruped robot

A Spröwitz, A Tuleu, M Vespignani… - … Journal of Robotics …, 2013 - journals.sagepub.com
We present the design of a novel compliant quadruped robot, called Cheetah-cub, and a
series of locomotion experiments with fast trotting gaits. The robot's leg configuration is …

Atrias: Design and validation of a tether-free 3d-capable spring-mass bipedal robot

C Hubicki, J Grimes, M Jones… - … Journal of Robotics …, 2016 - journals.sagepub.com
ATRIAS is a human-scale 3D-capable bipedal robot designed to mechanically embody the
spring-mass model for dynamic walking and running. To help bring the extensive work on …

Models, feedback control, and open problems of 3D bipedal robotic walking

JW Grizzle, C Chevallereau, RW Sinnet, AD Ames - Automatica, 2014 - Elsevier
The fields of control and robotics are working toward the development of bipedal robots that
can realize walking motions with the stability and agility of a human being. Dynamic models …

Biomechanics and energetics of walking on uneven terrain

AS Voloshina, AD Kuo, MA Daley… - Journal of …, 2013 - journals.biologists.com
Walking on uneven terrain is more energetically costly than walking on smooth ground, but
the biomechanical factors that contribute to this increase are unknown. To identify possible …

Neuromechanics: an integrative approach for understanding motor control

K Nishikawa, AA Biewener, P Aerts… - Integrative and …, 2007 - academic.oup.com
Neuromechanics seeks to understand how muscles, sense organs, motor pattern
generators, and brain interact to produce coordinated movement, not only in complex terrain …

Challenging human locomotion: stability and modular organisation in unsteady conditions

A Santuz, A Ekizos, N Eckardt, A Kibele… - Scientific reports, 2018 - nature.com
The need to move over uneven terrain is a daily challenge. In order to face unexpected
perturbations due to changes in the morphology of the terrain, the central nervous system …