The discovery of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has now been universally
acknowledged as a significant breakthrough in tumor therapy after the targeted treatment of …

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a coenzyme for redox reactions, making it
central to energy metabolism. NAD+ is also an essential cofactor for non-redox NAD+ …

The NLRP3 inflammasome is linked to sterile and pathogen-dependent inflammation, and
its dysregulation underlies many chronic diseases. Mitochondria have been implicated as …

Cytotoxic CD8+ T cells play a key role in the elimination of intracellular infections and
malignant cells and can provide long-term protective immunity. In the response to infection …

Ageing is characterized by the development of persistent pro-inflammatory responses that
contribute to atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, cancer and frailty,–. The ageing brain is …

An inflammatory microenvironment, either conferred by an underlying chronic overt or
smoldering inflammatory condition constitutes a prerequisite and fuel to essentially all …

Remarkable progress in ageing research has been achieved over the past decades.
General perceptions and experimental evidence pinpoint that the decline of physical …

Amino acids are basic nutrients for immune cells during organ development, tissue
homeostasis, and the immune response. Regarding metabolic reprogramming in the tumor …

Aging is typified by a progressive decline in mitochondrial activity and stress resilience.
Here, we review how mitochondrial stress pathways have pleiotropic effects on cellular and …