We survey the economic literature, both theoretical and empirical, on the choice of
intellectual property protection by firms. Our focus is on the trade-offs between using patents …

The central question which this study should answer is: how does human capital, education,
and patent affect the growth of an economy? Therefore, this article aims to verify whether …

Innovation is central to long-run economic growth. This chapter summarizes the state of the
literature on the economics of innovation, highlighting open policy questions. We first …

Here, I study the effect of state enactment of the Uniform Trade Secrets Act (UTSA) on R&D
among US businesses between 1979 and 1998. Using a new index of the legal protection of …

We study how regulating data usage impacts innovation in digital markets. Platforms
commonly use proprietary data about third-party sellers to inform their own competing …

In previous research, open innovation (OI) has been considered to be driven by the need for
new or advanced technologies unavailable within a firm, and to be a process with the risk of …

We live in a knowledge economy. The production and dissemination of knowledge will be
central to solving the problems of climate change and environmental sustainability, reducing …

Economic interest in innovation policy largely arises from the fundamental importance of
innovation to social welfare and from well-known inefficiencies in innovation in a competitive …

This paper documents the extent of copying and estimates the returns to originality in online
news production. We build a unique dataset combining all the online content produced by …

As large amounts of data become available and can be communicated more easily and
processed more effectively, information has come to play a central role for economic activity …