PURPOSE: The rapidly rising costs of targeted oral anticancer medicines (TOAMs) raise
concerns over their affordability. Our goal was to examine recent trends in the uptake of …

Importance Little is known about how out-of-pocket burden differs between Medicare and
commercial insurance for ultra-expensive drugs. Objective To investigate out-of-pocket …

Importance The closure of the Medicare Part D coverage gap from 2010 to 2019 was
intended to help decrease out-of-pocket costs for beneficiaries, especially those taking high …

Importance Over the past decade, branded prescription drug manufacturers have
substantially increased list prices while offering larger rebate payments to health care …

Objective To determine whether closing the Part D coverage gap (donut hole) between 2010
and 2019 lowered patients' out-of-pocket costs for disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) for …

Background With increasing drug prices in the past decade, affordability and medication
adherence are a growing concern for near-poor older adults, especially for those who are …

Objective To understand the mechanisms that have held Part D beneficiary premiums stable
despite increasing reinsurance subsidies. Data Sources Secondary data on Part D plan …

Objective: To review specific literature that aimed to predict the future of US pharmacy,
beginning in the late 1980s. Data Sources: Articles were identified from searching …

Beginning with the 2018 benefit year, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
started incorporating select prescription drug utilization information into the Marketplace risk …

BACKGROUND High prescription drug costs are a challenge for many people enrolled in
Medicare, with one report estimating that more than five million Medicare enrollees …