Membrane distillation (MD) is an emerging thermally-driven technology that poses a lot of
promise in desalination, and water and wastewater treatment. Developments in membrane …

Reverse osmosis is becoming popular for the purification of water resources eg sea and
brackish water. However, one of the major limitations in efficient operation are the fouling of …

One of the most reliable techniques in thermal desalination is the multistage flash
desalination process, especially in North Africa, the Middle East, and Gulf Regions. In the …

The nucleation and growth of inorganic scale on membrane surfaces is a problem shared by
operators of reverse osmosis systems. While suite of indicators exists to predict scale …

Reverse osmosis (RO) plays an important role in freshwater production. Mineral scaling is
an inevitable problem in the RO desalination process. Various methods, including the …

Thermal desalination is an energy intensive process that satisfies its requirement from
conventional fossil fuel sources. Current research efforts aim at finding alternatives for fossil …

In recent years, solar energy interfacial evaporation technology has been extensively
explored for seawater desalination and wastewater treatment. However, salt accumulation …

One of the main reasons that have limited industrialization of membrane distillation (MD) for
water desalination application is the lack of a proper membrane that could exhibit long-term …

One of the main advantages of the membrane distillation (MD) process is its ability to treat
highly saline feed waters such as thermal desalination brines at moderate temperatures …

Concentration polarization (CP) and membrane fouling are two major drawbacks for
pressure-driven membrane filtration processes (PDMPs) because they cause severe flux …