A hidden carbon cycle exists inside Earth. Every year, megatons of carbon disappear into
subduction zones, affecting atmospheric carbon dioxide and oxygen over Earth's history …

Open-vent, persistently degassing volcanoes—such as Stromboli and Etna (Italy), Villarrica
(Chile), Bagana and Manam (Papua New Guinea), Fuego and Pacaya (Guatemala) …

This paper examines phreatic eruptions which are driven by inputs of magma and magmatic
gas. We synthesize data from several significant phreatic systems, including two in Costa …

Carbon and other volatiles in the form of gases, fluids or mineral phases are transported
from Earth's surface into the mantle at convergent margins, where the oceanic crust …

The global carbon dioxide (CO2) flux from subaerial volcanoes remains poorly quantified,
limiting our understanding of the deep carbon cycle during geologic time and in modern …

Volcanism and metamorphism are the principal geologic processes that drive carbon
transfer from the interior of Earth to the surface reservoir. 1–4 Input of carbon to the surface …

Volcanism is a potentially important natural source of mercury (Hg) to the environment.
However, its impact on the global Hg cycle remains poorly understood despite advances …

The subsurface is among Earth's largest biomes, but the extent to which microbial
communities vary across tectonic plate boundaries or interact with subduction-scale …

Quantifying the global volcanic CO2 output from subaerial volcanism is key for a better
understanding of rates and mechanisms of carbon cycling in and out of our planet and their …

Carbon is a key control on the surface chemistry and climate of Earth. Significant volumes of
carbon are input to the oceans and atmosphere from deep Earth in the form of degassed …