Mitochondria are a main source of cellular energy. Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is
the major process of aerobic respiration. Enzyme complexes of the electron transport chain …

Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are one primary type of calcium (Ca 2+)
permeable channels, and those relevant transmembrane and intracellular TRP channels …

The timing of life on Earth is remarkable: between individuals of the same species, a highly
similar temporal pattern is observed, with shared periods of activity and inactivity each day …

Respiratory chemoreceptor activity encoding arterial Pco2 and Po2 is a critical determinant
of ventilation. Currently, the relative importance of several putative chemoreceptor …

Implantable sensors offer a great opportunity to extract physiological information from inside
the body by real‐time monitoring. With the demand for personal healthcare and point‐of …

As blood oxygenation decreases (hypoxemia), mammals mount cardiorespiratory
responses, increasing oxygen to vital organs. The carotid bodies are the primary oxygen …

Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) refers to cognitive alterations caused by vascular
disease, which is associated with various types of dementia. Because chronic cerebral …

Psychiatric disorders are caused by complex and diverse factors, and numerous
mechanisms have been proposed for the pathogenesis of these disorders. Accumulating …

Dyspnea is defined as a subjective experience of breathing discomfort that consists of
qualitatively distinct sensations that vary in intensity. It is a common symptom among …

Abstract Dl-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) is a small-molecule drug used in the treatment of
ischemic stroke in China, which is proven to ameliorate the symptoms of ischemic stroke and …