Radiotherapy (RT) is delivered for purposes of local control, but can also exert systemic
effect on remote and non-irradiated tumor deposits, which is called abscopal effect. The view …

Abstract The international American Joint Committee on Cancer/Union for International
Cancer Control (AJCC/UICC) tumour-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system provides the …

The immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has revolutionized the field of cancer
treatment, while low response rates and systemic toxicity limit its clinical outcomes. With the …

Radiomics, the high-throughput mining of quantitative image features from standard-of-care
medical imaging that enables data to be extracted and applied within clinical-decision …

Radiotherapy (RT) is a highly effective anticancer treatment that is delivered to more than
half of all patients with cancer. In addition to the well-documented direct cytotoxic effects, RT …

Recent evidence indicates that ionizing radiation can enhance immune responses to
tumors. Advances in radiation delivery techniques allow hypofractionated delivery of …

Cancer cells can evade the attack from host immune systems via hijacking the regulatory
circuits mediated by immune checkpoints. Therefore, reactivating the antitumor immunity by …

Cancer is a complex disease whose outcome depends largely on the cross-talk between the
tumor and its microenvironment. Here, we review the evolution of the field of tumor …

Radiotherapy is used in> 50% of patients with cancer, both for curative and palliative
purposes. Radiotherapy uses ionizing radiation to target and kill tumour tissue, but normal …

Radiotherapy (RT), besides cancer cells, also affects the tumor microenvironment (TME):
tumor blood vessels and cells of the immune system. It damages endothelial cells and …