The current understanding of lactate extends from its origins as a byproduct of glycolysis to
its role in tumor metabolism, as identified by studies on the Warburg effect. The lactate …

Acute pancreatitis is a common indication for hospital admission, increasing in incidence,
including in children, pregnancy and the elderly. Moderately severe acute pancreatitis with …

Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) consumes oxygen to produce ATP. However, the
mechanism that balances OXPHOS activity and intracellular oxygen availability remains …

Metabolites of glycolytic metabolism have been identified as signaling molecules and
regulators of gene expression, in addition to their basic function as major energy and …

Bifidobacterium is a widely distributed commensal bacterial genus that displays beneficial
pro-homeostatic and anti-inflammatory immunomodulatory properties. Depletion or absence …

The microenvironment in cancerous tissues is immunosuppressive and pro-tumorigenic,
whereas the microenvironment of tissues affected by chronic inflammatory disease is pro …

No longer viewed as a metabolic waste product and cause of muscle fatigue, a
contemporary view incorporates the roles of lactate in metabolism, sensing and signaling in …

The inflammatory response involves the activation of several cell types to fight insults
caused by a plethora of agents, and to maintain the tissue homoeostasis. On the one hand …

Mistakenly thought to be the consequence of oxygen lack in contracting skeletal muscle we
now know that the L-enantiomer of the lactate anion is formed under fully aerobic conditions …

The incidence of acute pancreatitis continues to increase worldwide, and it is one of the
most common gastrointestinal causes for hospital admission in the USA. In the past decade …