It is a challenging task to realize the vision of hierarchically structured nanomaterials for
large‐scale applications. Herein, the biomaterial wood as a large‐scale biotemplate for …

Materials with switchable mechanical properties are widespread in living organisms and
endow many species with traits that are essential for their survival. Many of the mechanically …

Shape-morphing systems can be found in many areas, including smart textiles, autonomous
robotics, biomedical devices, drug delivery and tissue engineering. The natural analogues …

Aerial seeding can quickly cover large and physically inaccessible areas to improve soil
quality and scavenge residual nitrogen in agriculture, and for postfire reforestation,–and …

Microrobots that are light and agile yet require no artificial power input can be widely used in
medical, military, and industrial applications. As an actuation system to drive such robots …

Geraniaceae seeds represent a role model in soft robotics thanks to their ability to move
autonomously across and into the soil driven by humidity changes. The secret behind their …

Mechanical responsiveness in many plants is produced by helical organizations of cellulose
microfibrils. However, simple mimicry of these naturally occurring helical structures does not …

The hygroscopic deformation of pine cones, featured by opening and closing their scales
depending on the environmental humidity, is a well-known stimuli-responsive model system …

Nature has been producing cellulose since long before man walked the surface of the earth.
Millions of years of natural design and testing have resulted in cellulose‐based structures …

The influx and efflux of water in biological structures actuates reversible deformation and
recovery processes that are crucial for mechanical functions in plants and animals. These …