Mutualisms structure ecosystems and mediate their functioning. They also enhance
invasions of many alien species. Invasions disrupt native mutualisms, often leading to …

Since Darwin, the diversity of flowers has been attributed to selection by pollinators.
Although pollinators commonly act as selective agents on floral traits, determining the extent …

A unique and personal insight into the ecology and evolution of pollinators, their
relationships with flowers, and their conservation in a rapidly changing world. The …

Ecological restoration of plant–pollinator interactions has received surprisingly little
attention, despite animal-mediated pollination underpinning reproduction of the majority of …

Phylogenetic niche conservatism (PNC) is the tendency of lineages to retain their niche‐
related traits through speciation events. A recent surge in the availability of well‐sampled …

Succulent plants are widely distributed, reaching their highest diversity in arid and semi‐arid
regions. Their origin and diversification is thought to be associated with a global expansion …

Background The hypothesis that pollinators have been important drivers of angiosperm
diversity dates back to Darwin, and remains an important research topic today. Mounting …

Background Ocbil theory aims to develop hypotheses explaining the evolution and ecology
of, and best conservation practices for, biota on very old, climatically buffered, infertile …

Mimicry is a classic example of adaptation through natural selection. The traditional focus of
mimicry research has been on defence in animals, but there is now also a highly-developed …

Ecology affects each of the three principal processes leading to speciation: genetic
differentiation among populations within species, acquisition of reproductive isolation …