Melatonin is a hormone secreted from the pineal gland specifically at night and contributes
to a wide array of physiological functions in mammals. Melatonin is one of the most well …

Protein kinases are one of the most significant drug targets in the human proteome,
historically harnessed for the treatment of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and a growing …

The circadian rhythm of pineal melatonin requires the nocturnal increment of serotonin N-
acetyltransferase (arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase [AANAT]) protein. To date, only limited …

The CNS is both source and target of melatonin. This methoxyindole formed in the pineal
gland is also produced in other CNS regions and additionally enters the brain by uptake …

Selective cell death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra is the major cause of
Parkinson disease. Current evidence suggests that this cell death could be mediated by …

Biosynthesis of melatonin by cholangiocytes is essential for maintaining the function of
biliary epithelium. However, this cytoprotective mechanism appears to be impaired in …

Serotonin (5‐hydroxytryptamine, 5‐HT), a precursor for melatonin production, is produced
abundantly in the pineal gland of all vertebrate animals. The synthesis of 5‐HT in the pineal …

In vertebrates, arylalkylamine N‐acetyltransferase (AANAT; EC 2.3. 1.87) is the time‐
kee** and key regulatory enzyme in melatonin (Mel) biosynthesis. AANAT is present in …

Melatonin is secreted during the hours of darkness and is thought to influence the circadian
and seasonal timing of a variety of physiological processes. AANAT, which is expressed in …

Large changes in the activity of serotonin N-acetyltransferase (arylalkylamine N-
acetyltransferase, AANAT) in the pineal gland control the rhythmic production of the time …