While clinical studies on acute phase proteins (APPs) have significantly increased in the last
decade, and most commercial labs are now offering major APPs in their biochemical …

The term “acute phase response”(APR) is referred to a nonspecific and complex reaction of
an organism that occurs shortly after any tissue damage, such as infection, trauma …

Applications for acute phase reactants (APRs) in nondomesticated mammals include
identifying inflammatory disease, monitoring the course of specific disease processes and …

The essential function of the mammalian immune system is to protect against infectious
diseases, which may be caused by invading parasites, viruses, bacteria, or other …

Evolutionary medicine expresses the present status of biomolecules affected by past
evolutionary events. To clarify the whole picture of cetacean pneumonia, which is a major …

Haptoglobin (Hp) is a positive acute-phase protein and a valuable marker of inflammation in
both human and veterinary medicine. The aim of this study was to validate the molecular …

Various inflammatory processes (including neo- and chronic inflammatory diseases
(Horadagoda plasia, infection, stress, and trauma) activate a et al., 1999; Harr et al., 2006) …

Acute-phase proteins (APP) are the foundation to the innate immune response and valuable
biomarkers that increase with inflammation, infection, neoplasia, stress, and trauma.,, Little is …

Abstract CASE DESCRIPTION A 19-year-old male bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)
presented with inappetence and avoidant behavior. CLINICAL FINDINGS Ultrasound …

Pathologic amyloid accumulates in the CNS or in peripheral organs, yet the mechanism
underlying the targeting of systemic amyloid deposits is unclear. Serum amyloid A (SAA) 1 …