This paper reviews the empirical methods used in the accounting literature to draw causal
inferences. Recent years have seen a burgeoning growth in the use of methods that seek to …

Fixed effects (FE) have emerged as a ubiquitous and powerful tool for eliminating unwanted
variation in observational accounting studies. Unwanted variation is plentiful in accounting …

Exploiting the unique features of the CDP, the world-leading platform of corporate climate
risk disclosures, we study the relationship between institutional investors' demand for …

This paper presents the staggered difference-in-differences (DiD) method in a manner that is
accessible to a broad accounting research audience, offering insights from the perspective …

The degradation of the ecological environment caused by industrialization presents a major
challenge for policymakers as they aim to develop sustainability. Is there a way to balance …

Companies are under increasing pressure to manage their reputation on environmental,
social, and governance (ESG) issues. Auditors are a potential source of ESG risk …

ABSTRACT I examine the effects of the US Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Reporting Program,
which requires thousands of industrial facilities to measure and report their GHG emissions. I …

In the absence of random treatment assignment, the selection of appropriate control
variables is essential to designing well-specified empirical tests of causal effects. However …

We show theoretically and empirically that measurement error can bias in favor of falsely
rejecting a true null hypothesis (ie, a “false positive”) and that regression models with high …

Despite the substantial increase in green bond issuance over the past decade, evidence on
the drivers and costs of corporate green bond issuance is lacking. We develop four novel …