By synthesizing recent studies employing a wide range of approaches (modern
observations, paleo reconstructions, and climate model simulations), this paper provides a …

We present an extended monthly and seasonal Greenland Blocking Index (GBI) from
January 1851 to December 2015, which more than doubles the length of the existing …

Abstract In Central and Eastern Europe, research has been focused on loess associated
with a plateau-setting, which preserves distinct and well-developed loess and palaeosol …

The past provides evidence of abrupt climate shifts and changes in the frequency of climate
and weather extremes. We explore the nonlinear response to orbital forcing and then …

Causal explanations for the 4.2 ka BP event are based on the amalgamation of seasonal
and annual records of climate variability that was manifest across global regions dominated …

An important aspect of inevitable surprises, for the climate system, is the potential of
occurrence of compound extreme events. These can be events that occur at the same time …

We use a simple yet Earth-like hemispheric atmospheric model to propose a new framework
for the mathematical properties of blocking events. Using finite-time Lyapunov exponents …

Atmospheric blockings are generally associated with large-scale high-pressure systems that
interrupt west-to-east atmospheric flow in mid and high latitudes. Blockings cause several …

The combined effect of hot and dry extremes can have disastrous consequences for society,
the economy, and the environment. While a significant number of studies have been …

Observations reveal distinct interdecadal winter Eurasian cold anomaly (ECA) centered over
central Eurasia (40°–60° N, 60°–120° E), with a more southwestward extension during 1965 …