Due to its safety, convenience, low cost and good compliance, oral administration attracts
lots of attention. However, the efficacy of many oral drugs is limited to their unsatisfactory …

In this review we develop the argument that cholestatic liver diseases, particularly primary
biliary cholangitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), evolve over time with …

The incidence of the metabolic syndrome has taken epidemic proportions in the past
decades, contributing to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The …

This paper describes the derivation of a bile salt monomeric hydrophobicity index that
quantitatively defines the composite hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance of a mixture of bile …

Biliary bile salt composition of 677 vertebrate species (103 fish, 130 reptiles, 271 birds, 173
mammals) was determined. Bile salts were of three types: C 27 bile alcohols, C 27 bile …

During the last 80 years there have been extraordinary advances in our knowledge of the
chemistry and biology of bile acids. We present here a brief history of the major …

We have investigated a wide variety of surfactants for their efficiency in dissolving isolated
single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in water. In doing so, we have completely …

The effects of the free bile acids (FBAs) cholic acid (CA), deoxycholic acid (DCA), and
chenodeoxycholic acid on the bioenergetics and growth of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria …

Bile salts are ionic amphiphilic compounds with a steroid skeleton. Among the most
important physiological properties of bile salts are lipid transport by solubilization and …

Upon mixing detergent solutions with the neutral fluorescent molecule 1, 6-diphenyl-1, 3, 5-
hexatriene a large increase in fluorescence is observed if detergent exceeds the critical …