The American Psychological Association defines" any transient emotional state, typically
characterized by moderate intensity." Moods are differentiated from emotions by their non …

Tool use research has suffered from a lack of consistent theoretical frameworks. There is a
plethora of tool use definitions and the most widespread ones are so inclusive that the …

Rare behaviors displayed by wild animals can generate new hypotheses; however,
observing such behaviors may be challenging. While recent technological advancements …

Observations of drawing behaviour in chimpanzees have often focused on the completed
drawings. Here, we compared drawing behaviour using fingers or tools on a touch-sensitive …

Tooling is associated with complex cognitive abilities, occurring most regularly in large-
brained mammals and birds. Among birds, self-care tooling is seemingly rare in the wild …

Wild female chimpanzees typically migrate to a neighbouring community at the onset of
sexual maturity, a process that can be dangerous and unpredictable. To mitigate the risk of …

Tanimbar corellas, an important model in comparative cognition research, are endemic to
the Tanimbar Islands, Indonesia, but were also introduced to several other locations with a …

Studying the prevalence of putatively rare behaviours, such as tool use, is challenging
because absence of evidence can arise either from a species' inability to produce the …

The chondrichthyan lineage diverged from the osteichthyan line 440 million years ago,
resulting in a vast evolutionary gulf between modern elasmobranchs and other vertebrates …

Expertise in science, particularly in animal behaviour, may provide people with the capacity
to provide better judgments in contrast to lay people. Here we explore whether experts …