The recycling and reutilization of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have become an
important measure to alleviate problems like resource scarcity and environmental pollution …

Being successfully introduced into the market only 30 years ago, lithium‐ion batteries have
become state‐of‐the‐art power sources for portable electronic devices and the most …

Research on new energy storage technologies has been sparked by the energy crisis,
greenhouse effect, and air pollution, leading to the continuous development and …

Environmental pollution and critical materials loss from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is a
major global concern. Practical LIB recycling obviates pollution, saves resources and boosts …

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have attracted increasing attention for electrical energy storage
applications in recent years due to their excellent electrochemical performance. The …

The limited fossil fuel supply toward carbon neutrality has driven tremendous efforts to
replace fuel vehicles by electric ones. The recycling of retired power batteries, a core energy …

The popularity of portable electronic devices and electric vehicles has led to the drastically
increasing consumption of lithium-ion batteries recently, raising concerns about the disposal …

Tremendous efforts are being made to develop electrode materials, electrolytes, and
separators for energy storage devices to meet the needs of emerging technologies such as …

Recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is of great importance for both critical metal
supply and environmental protection. Although the physical chemistry is still focused on …

The overuse and exploitation of fossil fuels has triggered the energy crisis and caused
tremendous issues for the society. Lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), as one of the most important …