The 17th St Gallen International Breast Cancer Consensus Conference in 2021 was held
virtually, owing to the global COVID-19 pandemic. More than 3300 participants took part in …

Abstract Ki67 immunohistochemistry (IHC), commonly used as a proliferation marker in
breast cancer, has limited value for treatment decisions due to questionable analytical …

Background Adjuvant radiotherapy is prescribed after breast-conserving surgery to reduce
the risk of local recurrence. However, radiotherapy is inconvenient, costly, and associated …

This ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines provide updated state-of-the-art recommendations
on management of early breast cancer (diagnosis, treatment and follow-up), compiled by a …

Pathology is the cornerstone of cancer care. The need for accuracy in histopathologic
diagnosis of cancer is increasing as personalized cancer therapy requires accurate …

Ki-67 protein has been widely used as a proliferation marker for human tumor cells for
decades. In recent studies, multiple molecular functions of this large protein have become …

In 2012, the estimated age-adjusted annual incidence of breast cancer in 40 European
countries was 94.2/100 000 and the mortality 23.1/100 000 [1]. The incidence increased …

Biomarkers play an essential role in the management of patients with invasive breast
cancer. For selecting patients likely to respond to endocrine therapy, both oestrogen …

Purpose To provide recommendations on appropriate use of breast tumor biomarker assay
results to guide decisions on adjuvant systemic therapy for women with early-stage invasive …

Gene-expression profiling has had a considerable impact on our understanding of breast
cancer biology. During the last 15 years, 5 intrinsic molecular subtypes of breast cancer …