Sperm competition was identified in 1970 as a pervasive selective force in post‐copulatory
sexual selection that occurs when the ejaculates of different males compete to fertilise a …

Sexual conflict is a conflict between the evolutionary interests of individuals of the two sexes.
The sexes can have different trait optima but this need not imply conflict if their optima can …

Literature Cited to accompany Animal Communication, 2e Page 1 Principles of Animal
Communication, Second Edition Jack W. Bradbury and Sandra L. Vehrencamp Chapter 14 …

Multiple mating or group spawning leads to post‐copulatory sexual selection, which
generally favours ejaculates that are more competitive under sperm competition. In four …

Kin discrimination, the differential treatment of conspecifics based on kinship, occurs across
the tree of life, from animals to plants to fungi to bacteria. When kin and nonkin interact, the …

Avoidance of incestuous matings is widely reported across many animal taxa, and the
adaptive value of such behavior is explained through inbreeding depression. However, an …

Publisher Summary This chapter presents a review of mate choice and genetic quality,
defines mate choice, and discusses some of the key issues about how individuals can …

As inbreeding is costly, it has been suggested that polyandry may evolve as a means to
reduce the negative fitness consequences of mating with genetically related males. While …

Animals are usually expected to avoid mating with relatives (kin avoidance) as incestuous
mating can lead to the expression of inbreeding depression. Yet, theoretical models predict …

Polyandry, by elevating sexual conflict and selecting for reduced male care relative to
monandry, may exacerbate the cost of sex and thereby seriously impact population fitness …