This literature review identifies the impacts of different renewable energy pathways on
ecosystems and biodiversity, and the implications of these impacts for transitioning to a …

BACKGROUND Cellulosic biofuels offer environmental benefits not available from grain-
based biofuels and are a cornerstone of efforts to meet transportation fuel needs in a future …

Agriculture is being challenged to provide food, and increasingly fuel, for an expanding
global population. Producing bioenergy crops on marginal lands—farmland suboptimal for …

Global demand for energy is projected to increase by 40% in the next 20 years, and largely
will be met with alternative and unconventional sources. Development of these resources …

The use of biomass as feedstock for energy is often associated with increased claims on
land, competition with food production and impacts on other ecosystem services. Studies on …

Perennial grains have potential to contribute to ecological intensification of food production
by enabling the direct harvest of human-edible crops without requiring annual cycles of …

Pressure to increase food production to meet the demands of a growing human population
can make conservation-motivated recommendations to limit agricultural expansion …

Energy and fuel demands, which are currently met primarily using fossil fuels, are expected
to increase substantially in the coming decades. Burning fossil fuels results in the increase …

Ecosystem services (ESs) are essential for human well‐being, especially in urban areas
where 60% of the global population will live by 2030. While urban habitats have the …

Core Ideas Dedicated bioenergy crops can enhance ecosystem services in marginal lands.
Ecosystem services vary with the type of marginal land. More field data are needed about …