Plant glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are ubiquitous and multifunctional enzymes
encoded by large gene families. A characteristic feature of GST genes is their high …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are continually generated as a consequence of the normal
metabolism in aerobic organisms. Accumulation and release of ROS into cell take place in …

Potyvirus is the largest genus of plant viruses causing significant losses in a wide range of
crops. Potyviruses are aphid transmitted in a nonpersistent manner and some of them are …

Various abiotic stresses lead to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in
plants which are highly reactive and toxic and cause damage to proteins, lipids …

Viruses cause epidemics on all major cultures of agronomic importance, representing a
serious threat to global food security. As strict intracellular pathogens, they cannot be …

In plants, the chloroplast is the organelle that conducts photosynthesis. It has been known
that chloroplast is involved in virus infection of plants for approximate 70 years. Recently, the …

Salt stress critically affects the physiological processes and morphological structure of
plants, resulting in reduced plant growth. Salicylic acid (SA) is an important signal molecule …

Photosynthesis is defined as a light-dependent process; however, it is negatively influenced
by high light (HL) intensities. To investigate whether the memory of growth under …

Gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) accumulates in plants following exposure to heavy
metals. To investigate the role of GABA in cadmium (Cd) tolerance and elucidate the …

Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are ubiquitous metalloenzymes that constitute the first line of
defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS). It constitutes one of the major enzymatic …