Research on tumor immunotherapy has made tremendous progress in the past decades,
with numerous studies entering the clinical evaluation. The cancer vaccine is considered a …

Abstract The “hotness” or “coldness” of the tumors are determined by the information of the
cancer cells themselves, tumor immune characteristics, tumor microenvironment, and …

Simple Summary Immunotherapy helps a person's immune system to target tumor cells.
Recent advances in cancer immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint inhibition …

Simple Summary In breast cancer, there is a high degree of variability in tumors and the
surrounding tissue called the tumor microenvironment (TME). To better understand tumor …

Therapeutic cancer vaccines, designed to activate immune effectors against tumor antigens,
utilize a number of different platforms for antigen delivery. Among these are messenger …

The liver is a vital organ that functions to detoxify the body. Liver cancer and infectious
diseases such as influenza and malaria can fatally compromise liver function. mRNA …

Breast cancer is a problem for women's health globally. Early detection techniques come in
a variety of forms ranging from local to systemic and from non-invasive to invasive. The …

Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccination has proven to be highly successful in combating
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and has recently sparked tremendous interest. This …

Simple Summary A wide range of treatments are available for HER2-positive breast cancer,
which have greatly improved the prognosis and quality of life of these patients. However …

Immunotherapy is a develo** treatment for advanced breast cancer. Immunotherapy has
clinical significance for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancers and human epidermal …