The use of biomarkers as early warning systems in the evaluation of disease risk has
increased markedly in the last decade. Biomarkers are indicators of typical biological …

Fossilized lipids preserved in sedimentary rocks offer singular insights into the Earth's
palaeobiology. These 'biomarkers' encode information pertaining to the oxygenation of the …

Uncovers the Key Role Microbes Play in the Transformation of Oxidizable and Reducible
MineralsMany areas of geomicrobial processes are receiving serious attention from …

Gas hydrates represent one of the largest pools of readily exchangeable carbon on Earth's
surface. Releases of the greenhouse gas methane from hydrates are proposed to be …

Inorganic carbon concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) catalyse the accumulation of CO2
around rubisco in all cyanobacteria, most algae and aquatic plants and in C4 and …

The atmosphere has apparently been oxygenated since the 'Great Oxidation Event'ca 2.4
Ga ago, but when the photosynthetic oxygen production began is debatable. However …

The discovery of traces of a blood meal in the abdomen of a 50‐million‐year‐old mosquito
reminds us of the insights that the chemistry of fossils can provide. Ancient DNA is the best …

Identifying unequivocal signs of life on Mars is one of the most important objectives for
sending missions to the red planet. Here we report Red Stone, a 163-100 My alluvial fan …

Microbial methanogenesis may have been a major component of Earth's carbon cycle
during the Archaean eon, generating a methane greenhouse that increased global …

Sedimentary 2-methyhopanes have been used as biomarker proxies for cyanobacteria, the
only known bacterial clade capable of oxygenic photosynthesis and the only group of …