Inspired by natural mobile microorganisms, researchers have developed micro/nanomotors
(MNMs) that can autonomously move by transducing different kinds of energies into kinetic …

Medical micro/nanorobots have received tremendous attention over the past decades owing
to their potential to be navigated into hard-to-reach tissues for a number of biomedical …

Active colloids are microscopic particles, which self-propel through viscous fluids by
converting energy extracted from their environment into directed motion. We first explain …

Achieving control over the directionality of active colloids is essential for their use in practical
applications such as cargo carriers in microfluidic devices. So far, guidance of spherical …

We review the literature on swimming in complex fluids. A classification is proposed by
comparing the length-and timescales of a swimmer with those of nearby obstacles …

Efficient navigation through disordered, porous environments poses a major challenge for
swimming microorganisms and future synthetic cargo-carriers. We perform Brownian …

Fluid flow is ubiquitous in many environments that form habitats for microorganisms.
Therefore, it is not surprising that both biological and artificial microswimmers show …

While colloids and molecules in solution exhibit passive Brownian motion, particles that are
partially covered with a catalyst, which promotes the transformation of a fuel dissolved in the …

Chemically powered nano-and micromotors are microscopic devices that convert chemical
energy into motion. Interest in these motors has grown over the past 20 years because they …

The flagellated bacterium Escherichia coli is increasingly used experimentally as a self-
propelled swimmer. To obtain meaningful, quantitative results that are comparable between …